L-Carnitine

L-Carnitine Research Solution

L-Carnitine constitutes an endogenously occurring quaternary ammonium compound serving a critical role in fatty acid transport to mitochondria, where conversion to usable energy takes place. As an essential element of mitochondrial metabolic activity, it enables long-chain fatty acid oxidation, thereby facilitating ATP production—the organism's primary energy molecule.

The body manufactures L-Carnitine internally from lysine and methionine amino acids, while dietary consumption from sources such as meat and dairy products provides additional supply. Contemporary research continues exploring its physiological relevance, with particular attention to energy homeostasis maintenance, muscular function support, cardiovascular health enhancement, and neuroprotective qualities.

L-Carnitine Research Solution – 10 ml (600mg) Overview

L-Carnitine acts as a fundamental transport molecule promoting long-chain fatty acid movement into mitochondria through acyl-carnitine ester formation. This translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane permits β-oxidation—a key metabolic pathway that degrades fatty acids for energy generation. L-Carnitine's function assumes particular significance in tissues with elevated energy requirements, including skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle (myocardium), and hepatic tissue, where efficient energy metabolism remains essential for normal physiological activity.

Beyond its fatty acid metabolism role, experimental findings demonstrate L-Carnitine exhibits antioxidant properties. It contributes to buffering excess acyl-CoA concentrations and alleviates oxidative stress, thereby safeguarding cells from damage connected to metabolic stress conditions. Through these actions, L-Carnitine contributes to sustaining cellular health and metabolic balance.

Research models have additionally examined the potential therapeutic applications of L-Carnitine, highlighting its possible benefits in areas such as exercise performance and recovery, cardiovascular function, insulin resistance, and neurological health. Together, these findings suggest that L-Carnitine plays a multifaceted role in energy metabolism, oxidative balance, and overall metabolic resilience.

L-Carnitine Research Solution Technical Details

• Molecular Formula: C₇H₁₅NO₃
• Molecular Weight: 161.2 g/mol
• Structure: β-hydroxy-γ-trimethylaminobutyric acid
• Concentration: 60 mg/ml (600 mg total in 10 ml vial)

Other Nomenclature: Levocarnitine, L-3-hydroxy-4-trimethylaminobutyrate

L-Carnitine Research Solution Scientific Studies

Mitochondrial Bioenergetics

L-Carnitine fulfills an essential function in mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids, supporting energy equilibrium during fasting periods, physical exertion, and metabolic stress situations. Deficiency investigations reveal compromised fatty acid oxidation and reduced energy output, emphasizing its importance as a crucial mitochondrial cofactor.

Heart Function

Research evidence suggests L-Carnitine supplementation can improve cardiac energy efficiency, offer protection against ischemia-reperfusion damage, and reduce oxidative stress indicators in heart tissue.

Physical Performance and Muscle Restoration

Muscle physiology research links L-Carnitine administration to decreased exercise-related lactate buildup, improved oxygen usage, and accelerated muscle recovery.

Neurological Research

Acetyl-L-carnitine derivatives have undergone investigation for neuroprotective effects, mitochondrial support, and ability to improve cognitive function in neurodegenerative disease models.

Insulin Response and Metabolic Activity

Studies conducted in both animals and humans indicate L-Carnitine may improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity by promoting fatty acid oxidation and decreasing lipid accumulation within muscle cells.

L-Carnitine research solution is intended solely for research and laboratory use. Not for human consumption.

Document Compiler

This literature summary was assembled, revised, and structured by Dr. Charles J. Rebouche, Ph.D.

Dr. Rebouche is an esteemed biochemist recognized for his comprehensive work on carnitine metabolism, nutrient transport, and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. His research has been foundational in defining the biochemical pathways and physiological mechanisms underlying carnitine biosynthesis and regulation across mammalian systems.

Scientific Journal Author

Dr. Charles J. Rebouche has performed comprehensive research on carnitine metabolism and mitochondrial energy regulation, contributing significantly to the understanding of fatty acid oxidation and metabolic homeostasis. His findings—together with those of collaborators such as H. Seim, J. Bremer, and C.A. Stanley—have provided key insights into L-Carnitine's biochemical functions, its essential role in mitochondrial transport systems, and its clinical importance in energy metabolism.

Dr. Rebouche is acknowledged as one of the principal contributors to modern L-Carnitine research. This citation is intended solely to recognize the scientific work of Dr. Rebouche and his colleagues. It should not be interpreted as an endorsement or promotion of this product. Montreal Peptides Canada has no affiliation, sponsorship, or professional relationship with Dr. Rebouche or any of the researchers cited.

Reference Citations

Rebouche CJ, Seim H. Carnitine metabolism and its regulation in microorganisms and mammals. Annu Rev Nutr. 1998;18:39-61.

Bremer J. Carnitine - metabolism and functions. Physiol Rev. 1983;63(4):1420-1480.

Stanley CA. Carnitine deficiency disorders in children. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2004;1033:42-51.

Brass EP. Pharmacokinetic considerations for carnitine supplementation. Clin Ther. 1995;17(5):800-810.

Calabrese V, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine and neuroprotection. Mech Ageing Dev. 2006;127(6):492-504.

Mingorance C, et al. Role of carnitine in exercise and energy metabolism. J Physiol Biochem. 2011;67(1):13-21.

Arduini A, et al. L-Carnitine and protection against oxidative stress in heart and skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008;44(8):1385-1394.

Malaguarnera M. Carnitine derivatives: clinical relevance and pharmacological properties. Nutrients. 2019;11(9):2084.

Longo N, et al. Primary and secondary carnitine deficiency syndromes. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2006;142C(2):77-85.

Pignatti C, et al. Role of carnitine in human nutrition and metabolism. Nutrients. 2020;12(1):228.